Cara menggunakan PASSIVE VOICE dengan tepat.

PASSIVE VOICE

to be + Past participle

 

Ø Passive sentence follow the pattern of active sentences.

Ø   In the passive, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb.

Ø   Only transitive verbs (verbs that are followed by an object) are used in the passive. It is not possible to use verbs such as happen, sleep, come, and seem in the passive.

Ø   Usually the passive is used without a “by phrase”. The passive is most frequently used when it is not known or not important to know exactly who performs an action.

Ø   The “by phrase” is included only if it is important to know who performs an action. Example : Life on the Mississippi was written by Mark Twain.

Ø   The passive may be used with the “by phrase” instead of the active when the speaker/writer wants to focus attention on the subject of a sentence.

Example : This cake is made by my mother.

Examples :

                               

Simple Present               Active : Charlie cooks a cake.

Passive: A cake is cooked by Charlie.

Present Progressive        Active : Charlie is cooking a cake.        

                                       Passive: A cake  is being cooked by Charlie.

Present Perfect               Active : Charlie has cooked a cake.

   Passive: A cake has been cooked by Charlie.

Simple Past                    Active : Charlie cooked a cake.          

   Passive: A cake was cooked by Charlie.

Past progressive             Active:  Charlie was cooking a cake.  

                                       Passive: A cake was being cooked by Charlie.

Past Perfect                    Active: Charlie had cooked a cake.

   Passive:A cake has been cooked by Charlie.

Simple Future                 Active: Charlie will cook a cake.

   Passive:A cake will be cooked by Charlie.

Be going to                    Active: Charlie is going to cook a cake.

   Passive:A cake is going to be  cooked by Charlie.

Future Perfect*              Active:Charlie will have cooked a cake.

   Passive:A cake will have been cooked by Charlie.

*The progressive forms of The Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future, and Future Perfect are very rarely used in the passive.

Ø Sentences use modals

Example :

a.       Active : We can solve the problem.

Passive: The problem can be solved.

b.      Active : They may open the hotel next year.

Passive: The hotel may be opened next year.

Ø Sentences with complement or sub-clause.

Examples :

a.       Active : It is said that he is 108 years old.

Passive: He is said to be 108 years old.

b.      Active : It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion.

Passive: Two people are reported to have been killed in the explosion.

Tugas Merangkum Buku.