Macam Macam CONDITIONAL TENSES dan contohnya

CONDITIONAL

“If” is the characteristic of conditional. Conditional consist of the real (factual and habitual) dan unreal (contrary of the fact).

The real conditional is future conditional or Conditional Type 1. Conditional Type1 explain something can happen if the condition be fulfilled.

The unreal conditional is refusing of fact will happen or is happening or has happened and actually won’t happen. The unreal conditional consist of Present Conditional (Conditional Type 2) and Past Conditional (Conditional Type 3).

A.  Future Conditional/Present Real (Conditional Type 1)

Future Conditional explain about something possibly happen in the future or now if the condition be fulfilled. Conditional Type 1 is formed by simple present as subordinate clause and simple future as main clause.

                                                                  will

If + Subject 1 + Present + Subject 2 +        can      + Infinitive (simple form)

                                                                  may

                                                                  must

 

Examples :

1. If you come with me for a joyride tonight, you will have a great fun.
2. If you don’t have any money, you may borrow from me.

Ø  Inversion Form (Omitting If)

                                                                                 will

Should + Subject 1 + Simple form + Subject 2 +       can      + Infinitive (simple form)

                                                                                 may

                                                                                 must

 

Examples :

1.      If you come with me for a joyride tonight, you will have a great fun =

Should you come with me for a joyride tonight, you will have a great fun.

2.      If you don’t have any money, you may borrow from me =

Should you not have any money, you may borrow from me.

Ø  To explain habitual, use this pattern :

	If + Subject + Simple Present Tense. . . + Simple Present Tense. . .

 

Examples :

1. If the doctor has morning office hours, he visits his parents in the hospital in the        afternoon.
2. John usually walks to school if he has enough time.

Ø  To make command sentence, use this pattern :

If + Subject + Simple Present Tense. . . + Command form. .

Examples :

1. If you go to the post office, please mail this letter for me.
2. Don’t tell this problem to father if you care of me.

B.   Present Conditional/Present Real (Conditional Type 2)

Explain something contrary with something is happening now or recently.

                                                                 would

If + Subject 1 + Simple Past + Subject 2 +     could     + Infinitive/be

                                                                       might

Examples :

1.      If I had time, I would go to the beach with you this weekend.

(In truth, I actually don’t have time so I can’t go)

2.      He would tell you about it if  he were* here.

(In truth, He doesn’t here so he won’t tell about it)

* For Conditional Type 2 tobe is used only “were” to all subject.

Ø  Inversion Form (Omitting If)

                                                                                               would

Were + Subject 1 + Adjective/Adverb/Noun +  Subject 2 +     could      + Infinitive/be

                                                                                                might

Example :

He would tell you about it if he were here.

Þ    Were he here, he would tell you about it.

C.   Past Conditional/Past Unreal (Conditional Type 3)

Explain something contrary with something happened in the past.

 

                                                              would

If + Subject 1 + Past Perfect + Subject 2 +    could      + have Verb 3/been

                                                                      might

Example :

If I had had enough time, I would have written to my parents.

(In truth, I didn’t have enough time, so I didn’t write to them)

Ø  Inversion Form (Omitting If)

 

                                                                    would

Had + Subject 1 + Verb 3/been + Subject 2 +     could    + have Verb 3/been

                                                                            might

Example :

If you had asked me I would have told you the whole story.

Þ    Had you asked me I would have told you the whole story.

Ø  Note

Unless = if not

You would not have won unless I had helped you = you would not have won if I had not helped you.

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